Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition in which the body is unable to properly use and store glucose, a type of sugar that is the body's main source of energy. Glucose comes from the foods we eat and is carried by the blood to the cells, where it is used for energy. In order for glucose to enter the cells, the body needs the hormone insulin.
In people with type 2 diabetes, the body either doesn't produce enough insulin or the cells don't respond properly to insulin, a condition known as insulin resistance. As a result, glucose builds up in the blood instead of being used by the cells, leading to high blood sugar levels. Over time, high blood sugar levels can damage the body's organs and lead to serious complications such as heart disease, blindness, kidney disease, and nerve damage.
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for about 90% of all cases. It typically develops in adults over the age of 40, but it is increasingly being diagnosed in younger people and children as well. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include being overweight or obese, having a family history of the condition, being physically inactive, and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.
There are several ways to manage type 2 diabetes, including lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight. Medications may also be prescribed to help control blood sugar levels. These may include oral medications such as metformin and sulfonylureas, as well as injectable medications such as insulin.
Lifestyle changes are an important part of managing type 2 diabetes, as they can help to improve blood sugar control and prevent complications. A healthy diet for people with type 2 diabetes should focus on whole, unprocessed foods and include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. It's also important to limit sugary drinks and foods, as well as foods that are high in saturated and trans fats. Exercise, such as walking, biking, or swimming, can help to improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels.
Managing type 2 diabetes requires a commitment to making long-term lifestyle changes, but it is possible to live a healthy and active life with the condition. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider, monitoring blood sugar levels, and following a treatment plan can help to prevent or delay complications and ensure that the condition is well-controlled.
Note: This article is created by AI.